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Amendment IX: Other rights belong to the people

Passed by Congress September 25, 1789. Ratified December 15, 1791. · Part of the Bill of Rights

In plain English

Listing some rights in the Constitution doesn't mean people don't have others.

Original text

The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.

Plain-English summaries are simplified for learning. Courts interpret these words in detail; this is general information, not legal advice.

Source: National Archives