Constitution Cards

All cards โ€บ Amendment X

Amendment X: Powers reserved to states and people

Passed by Congress September 25, 1789. Ratified December 15, 1791. ยท Part of the Bill of Rights

In plain English

Powers the Constitution doesn't give the federal government, or deny to the states, belong to the states or to the people.

The capitalization and punctuation in this version is from the enrolled original of the Joint Resolution of Congress proposing the Bill of Rights, which is on permanent display in the Rotunda of the National Archives Building, Washington, D.C.

Original text

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

Amendments 11-27

Plain-English summaries are simplified for learning. Courts interpret these words in detail; this is general information, not legal advice.

Source: National Archives